Sociodemographic profiles, educational attainment and physical activity associated with The Daily Mile™ registration in primary schools in England – a national cross-sectional linkage study

Objective To examine primary school and local authority characteristics associated with registration for The Daily Mile (TDM), an active mile initiative aimed at increasing physical activity in children. Design A cross-sectional linkage study using routinely collected data. Setting All state funded primary schools in England from 2012-2018(n=15,815). Results 3,502 of all 15,815(22.1%) state funded primary schools in England were registered to do TDM, ranging from 16% in the East Midlands region to 31% in Inner London. Primary schools registered for TDM had larger mean pupil numbers compared with schools that had not registered (300 vs 269 respectively). There was a higher proportion of TDM registered schools in urban areas compared with non-urban areas. There was local authority variation in the likelihood of school registration (ICC: 0.094). After adjusting for school and local authority characteristics, schools located in a major urban conurbation (OR 1.46 (95%CI:1.24-1.71) urban vs. rural) and schools with a higher proportion of disadvantaged pupils had higher odds of being registered to the TDM (OR 1.16 (95%CI:1.02-1.33)). Area based physical activity and schools’ educational attainment was not significantly associated with registration to TDM. Conclusion One in five primary schools in England has registered for The Daily Mile since 2012. TDM appears to be a wide-reaching school based physical activity intervention that is reaching more disadvantaged primary school populations in urban areas where obesity prevalence is highest. TDM registered schools include those with both high and low educational attainment and are in areas with high and low physical activit