Kratom use, psychiatric comorbidity and the psychosocial correlates among FELDA settlers in northern Peninsular Malaysia / Al-Zilal Abdul Wahid

Kratom use, psychiatric comorbidity and the psychosocial correlates among FELDA settlers in Northern Peninsular Malaysia Introduction: Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa, Korth) is an indigenous plant of South East Asia, particularly in Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. For centuries people use Kratom as a traditional remedy to treat various ailments. Its inclusion into the New Psychoactive Substance (NPS) and extensive availability have brought about concerns regarding its current use, and potential harm. Despite the rising concerns, the prevalence of its use among rural settlers, its sociodemographic factors as well as the impact on mental illness of regular-users and quality of life is scarce. Objectives: The study aims at finding the prevalence of Kratom use among the rural settlers in a Felda settlement, located in the northern region of Malaysia. Its associating factors, as well as any psychiatric co-morbidities, is examined to ascertain the effects of Kratom use among the respondents. Method: The study recruited participants on a voluntary basis. The study chose the largest Felda settlement in Perlis. Its residents all originate from Perlis and have stayed at the site for generations. The study obtained the sociodemographic data, and trained individuals assessed all the respondents using the MINI, ASSIST-M, WHOQoL-Bref questionnaires. viii Results: The study recruited a total sample of 144 participants. The Kratom users were determine using the MINI, the ASSIST-M and the WHOQoL-BREF-Malay Version questionaire. The prevalence of Kratom use was 24.3% (n=35) among the participants. The univariate analysis found statistically significant association (p