A Study to Assess the Effects of Cryotherapy on Pain and Bruise among Patients receiving Subcutaneous Heparin Injection at KMCH, Coimbatore

The present study entitled “To assess the effects of Cryotherapy on Pain and Bruise among patients receiving Subcutaneous Heparin injection at KMCH, Coimbatore was undertaken during the year 2011-2012 as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing at KMCH College of Nursing, Coimbatore, which is affiliated to The Tamilnadu DR. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai. OBJECTIVES: 1. To Assess the pain among patients received Subcutaneous Heparin injection, compare the Pain among patients who received Cryotherapy and who do not receive Cryotherapy. 2. To Assess the occurrence of Bruise among patients who received Cryotherapy and who do not receive Cryotherapy, associate the Pain with selected demographic variables. RESEARCH DESIGN: Quasi experimental non-equivalent Pre test and Post test control group design. SETTING: Coronary Care Unit, Cardiac thoracic ward, Medical and surgical wards of KMCH, Coimbatore. SAMPLES: Sixty patients both male and female who received HMWH or LMWH injection Subcutaneously. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: Modified Katherine Kolcaba Comfort Model. METHOD: Subcutaneous Heparin injection was administered by the investigator and the nurse to the patients. The patients who were selected for Cryotherapy was assessed for pain and bruise. INTERVENTIONS: Cryotherapy was applied twice daily in the morning and evening session for two consecutive days. RESULTS: The subjects who received Cryotherapy application had significant reduction in Pain, but there was an increase in the size of bruise. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that Cryotherapy was very effective in reducing Pain, but the bruise size was increased