FITOSSOCIOLOGIA DE UMA FLORESTA PLUVIAL SUBTROPICAL PRIMÁRIA NO SUL DO BRASIL

Em Santa Catarina, a Floresta Pluvial Subtropical encontra-se alterada, sobretudo em sua composição e estrutura. Assim, trabalhos que caracterizem os remanescentes florestais são importantes, pois podem servir de base para estudos de meta-análise. Neste trabalho, foi caracterizada a composição e a estrutura de uma Floresta Pluvial Subtropical e comparou-se a composição de espécies dessa floresta com outras da mesma fitofisionomia. A vegetação foi amostrada em 25 parcelas de 400 m², em que foram medidos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 5 cm. Foram amostrados 1.727 indivíduos, distribuídos em 144 espécies, 91 gêneros e 45 famílias. Myrtaceae, Lauraceae e Fabaceae foram as famílias mais ricas, com destaque para os gêneros Ocotea, Myrcia e Eugenia. As espécies com maior percentual de importância foram Euterpe edulis Mart., Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Benth., Ocotea aciphylla (Nees & Mart.) Mez e Tapirira guianensis Aubl. Foram detectados dois grupos florísticos que se formaram devido à proximidade geográfica, sendo o primeiro grupo formado pelos estudos realizados na região sul-catarinense e o segundo por estudos realizados na região do Vale do Itajaí. Os resultados indicaram que a floresta é composta por espécies clímax tolerantes à sombra e pode ser caracterizada como um remanescente de vegetação bem conservado, indicando sua importância para conservação.AbstractPhytosociology of a primary Subtropical Rain Forest in southern Brazil. The Subtropical Rain Forest is altered in Santa Catarina regarding its composition and structure. Thus, the studies that focus on these forest remnants are important because they can consist as a basis for meta-analysis. In this work research we intend to characterize the composition and structure of a Subtropical Rain Forest stand and compare the species composition of this stand with others in the same forest type. The vegetation was sampled through 25 sample plots of 400 m², where individuals with DBH ≥ 5 cm were measured. We sampled 1,727 individuals belonging to 144 species, 91 genus and 45 families. Myrtaceae, Lauraceae and Fabaceae were the richest families, especially the Ocotea, Eugenia and Myrcia genus. The species with the highest importance percentual were Euterpe edulis Mart., Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Benth., Ocotea aciphylla (Nees & Mart.) Mez, Tapirira guianensis Aubl. We detected two floristic groups formed due to geographical proximity; the first was formed by studies conducted in the southern region and the second by studies conducted in the Itajaí Valley. Our results indicated that the studied forest stand is composed primarily of shade-tolerant climax species and can be characterized as a well-preserved forest remnant. The results indicate the importance of this area for conservation.Keywords: Composition; structure; ecological groups; similarity; Itajaí Valley.AbstractThe Subtropical Rain Forest is altered in Santa Catarina regarding its composition and structure. Thus, the studies that focus on these forest remnants are important because they can consist as a basis for meta-analysis. In this work research we intend to characterize the composition and structure of a Subtropical Rain Forest stand and compare the species composition of this stand with others in the same forest type. The vegetation was sampled through 25 sample plots of 400 m², where individuals with DBH ≥ 5 cm were measured. We sampled 1,727 individuals belonging to 144 species, 91 genus and 45 families. Myrtaceae, Lauraceae and Fabaceae were the richest families, especially the Ocotea, Eugenia and Myrcia genus. The species with the highest importance percentual were Euterpe edulis Mart., Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Benth., Ocotea aciphylla (Nees & Mart.) Mez, Tapirira guianensis Aubl. We detected two floristic groups formed due to geographical proximity; the first was formed by studies conducted in the southern region and the second by studies conducted in the Itajaí Valley. Our results indicated that the studied forest stand is composed primarily of shade-tolerant climax species and can be characterized as a well-preserved forest remnant. The results indicate the importance of this area for conservation