Shoot First, Ask Later: Constitutional Rights at the Border after \u3cem\u3eBoumediene\u3c/em\u3e

Adopting Boumediene\u27s functional approach in analyzing extraterritorial application of the United States Constitution at the U.S.-Mexico border will promote uniformity and provide guidance to courts and officials. Currently, courts are applying Verdugo-Urquidez\u27s sufficient connections test, and different variations thereof permitting courts to arbitrarily decide who is entitled to constitutional protection in the absence of uniform precedent. Adopting Boumediene as the guiding test will not automatically trigger constitutional protection, instead, constitutional protection will only be granted if extending protection to an alien at the U.S.-Mexico border is justified based on the three-prong test