Teaching science in Nigerian secondary schools using a constructivist model

This study investigated the use of a constructivist model to teach science to senior secondary school students in Nigeria. There were 70 participants in the study who were equally divided into two treatment groups: Group A and Group B. Using local materials from the students\u27 environment with qualitative/ethnographic research methods, content analysis was performed on the two groups of students, Group A and Group B, who used different teaching methodologies. Group A used a constructivist model; Group B used a traditional model. Evaluation focused on class interactive activities and class work. From the data collected, a number of hypotheses emerged. The data showed categories of students\u27 experiences through a series of class activities. The categories that emerged as a result of a series of experiences include: Prior Knowledge, New Experience, Connection Making, Transfer of Ideas, and Performance Understanding. These categories were used recursively in Group A\u27s class work and activities. At the beginning of the study, Group A was encouraged to work collaboratively with each other in using local materials and in all other deliberations. This strategy resulted in new experiences and new ways of thinking and experiencing among members of the group. The use of a constructivist model created a better and broader experiencing environment and understanding. Group A had various teaching strategies that helped them to build knowledge structures. Also, Group A\u27s prior knowledge was given latitude through discussions. The use of local materials and the teaching methods were essential tools to reactivate Group A\u27s prior knowledge and for the experiences. The findings of this study suggested different approaches to science teaching. Also, the familiar instructional materials may have contributed to enhancing students\u27 cognitive styles. Recommendations for science teachers advocated the use of this constructivist model as another way to teach science and mathematics to secondary students