The relationship among self, peer, and adult perceptions of competence in emotionally disturbed children in residential treatment

The purpose of the study was to clarify the inconsistencies in the literature regarding the perceived competencies and self-worth of emotionally disturbed children. Some studies report that these children\u27s self-perceptions are poor and reflect their troubled emotional state. Other findings indicate that these children perceive themselves positively, which may be a defense against low self-concept or a reflection of cognitive limitations. Using the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC), the perceived competencies and self-worth ratings of 72 8-14-year old emotionally disturbed boys in residential treatment were investigated. The children\u27s self-perceptions were compared to a normative sample and to their teachers\u27, therapists\u27, child-care workers\u27 and peers\u27 perceptions of them. Additionally, in order to identify whether distortions in children\u27s self-perceptions were related to cognitive limitations, the children\u27s intelligence and achievement were examined. Children\u27s ratings of their competence and their self-worth were found to be significantly higher than normals on four out of six domains. Children\u27s perceived competence scores were also significantly higher than adults\u27 ratings of their competence on the domains of social acceptance and scholastic competence. The accuracy of children\u27s perceived competencies (compared to adult ratings) was found not to be associated with children\u27s intelligence or achievement. In regard to differences among adults\u27 ratings of children\u27s competence, child-care workers\u27 ratings of the children\u27s behavioral conduct and physical appearance were significantly lower than therapists\u27 and teachers\u27 ratings. No other significant differences were found among adults\u27 ratings of the children\u27s competence. The results regarding the children\u27s exaggerated self-perceptions are discussed in terms of emotional defense strategies. The findings regarding differences between child-care workers\u27 and other adult groups\u27 perceptions of the children are discussed in terms of the child-care workers\u27 role with children. Clinical applications of the study and future research directions are suggested