Men\u27s Attitudes Toward Race and Gender Equity: The Importance of Masculinity Ideology, Gender-Related Traits, and Reference Group Identity Dependence

This research examined masculinity ideology, gender-related traits, and male identity as they relate to men\u27s attitudes toward racial diversity, women\u27s equality, and sexual harassment. Un- dergraduate men completed measures of these constructs. The findings suggest that men who endorse a traditional masculinity ideology and/or who are dependent on a male reference group for their gender role self-concept are also likely to hold negative attitudes about racial diversity and women\u27s equality and have attitudes conducive to the sexual harassment of women. Con- versely, it was found that nontraditional masculinity ideology, feminine traits, and appreciating differences among men, which is associated with not being dependent on a male reference group for one\u27s gender role self-concept, were related to positive attitudes about racial diversity and women\u27s equality and not having attitudes conducive to sexual harassment