Realization and Transcendence of Villagers' Self-governance in the Context of Rural Revitalization Strategy: A Perspective from the Relationship between Power and Resources

中国乡村现行的村民自治制度是特定经济时代下的产物,是基层民主自治的有效实现形式。改革开放以来,随着经济结构转型,农村经济产生重大变化,不同地区经济发展的不平衡,导致村民自治发展的不平衡,不同程度显现村治权力强弱分殊的问题。立足于"权力—资源"理论的分析框架,结合中国不同乡村经济发展状况和村民自治实践,可归纳出四类乡村自治模式:汲取型自治、分配型自治、法人型自治和项目型自治。同时,不同村治状况决定村民自治绩效,要破解村民自治"落地"的难题,必须探寻不同经济情况下村民自治的有效实现形式。As an effective form of grass-root democratic autonomy, the current villagers' self-governance system in rural China was a product of a specific economic era. Since the reform and opening-up, with the transformation of the economic structure, the rural economy has undergone major changes, such as the imbalance of economic development in different rural areas, which led to the unbalanced development of villagers' self-governance. As a result, the problems of uneven distribution of governance power exist in varying degrees. In order to know how and in what kind of form the self-governing system will sustain and develop, the author, on a basis of the analysis framework of the “power-resources” theory, by making an thorough analysis of the economic development of different villages in China and the practice of village autonomy, put forward four forms of villagers' self-governance: retrieving governance, distributed governance, corporate governance, and project governance. At the same time, the governance of different villages determines the self-governance performance of villagers. To overcome the dilemma of “practice” of village autonomy, it is necessary to explore the effective realization forms of villagers' self-governance under different economic conditions.国家社会科学基金重点项目“基层群众自治有效实现的途径和条件研究”(16AZZ012)； 国家社会科学青年基金项目“瑶老制与村民自治:传统治理资源的利用与创新研究”(17CMZ047)； 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“城乡一体化进程中乡村治理趋势与创新研究”(18VSJ063)； 广西民族大学研究生课程建设项目“基于‘创新型人才目标’的《政治学理论基础与前沿问题》课程建设”(gxun-chxkc201806