Why Do Organizations Change? A Literature Review on Drivers and Measures of Success for Digital Transformation

Conducting digital transformation projects is a challenging task for companies. Overcoming this challenge is key for staying competitive on a rapidly changing market. While a huge number of publications that present a case-based success story exists, drivers and success measures for such changes often remain undisclosed. Our paper addresses at completing this research gap by performing a literature review and deriving the main reasons that triggered the digital transformation and aggregating them into four categories: improvement of business models, business processes, customer experience, and enabling technologies. Simultaneously we analyze discovered articles for the success measures of transformation projects and assign them to the drivers. This contribution has high practical importance since it lays the foundation for the development of models for the prediction of the digital transformation project outcomes. This will allow companies that attempt digital transformation to simulate their changes and to potentially avoid errors during the transformation phase