Application of South Asian food chemical composition tables for malnutrition assessment of vegetarian / vegan diet of women

Uravnotežena i raznovrsna vegetarijanska ili veganska prehrana mogu imati potencijalne pozitivne učinke na zdravlje ljudi. Kritični nutrijenti u prehrani vegetarijanaca i vegana su vitamin B12, vitamin D, omega-3-masne kiseline, željezo, cink te kalcij. Ovim načinima prehrane osigurava se visok unos povrća, cjelovitih žitarica, mahunarki, orašastih plodova, voća, raznih proizvoda od soje, dijetalnih vlakana i mnogih fitokemikalija. Unos zasićenih masti i kolesterola je nizak. Primjenom južno-azijske tablice kemijskog sastava namirnica izračunati je 7-dnevni veganski jelovnik. Korištene su prehrambene smjernice za Bangladeš, a ciljana skupina žene starije od 19 godina. Nutrijenti u suficitu su cink, kalij, kalcij, fosfor, magnezij, tiamin, riboflavin i niacin. Rezultati su pokazali manjak željeza, natrija, folata i vitamina D u prehrani. Unos vitamina A te vitamina E je neznatno manji od preporuka.A balanced and varied vegetarian or vegan diet can have potential positive effects on human health. Critical nutrients in the diet of vegetarians and vegans are vitamin B12, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc and calcium. These diets ensure a high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, various soy products, dietary fibre and many phytochemicals. The intake of saturated fats and cholesterol is low. With the help of South Asian food chemical composition tables, we calculated a 7-day vegan menu. Dietary guidelines for Bangladesh were used. The respondents are women older than 19 years. Nutrients in surplus are zinc, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamins as thiamin, riboflavin and niacin. The results showed a deficiency of iron, sodium, folate and vitamin D in the diet. The intake of vitamin A and vitamin E is slightly lower than recommended