Tibial plateau fractures

Koštani sustav posjeduje iznimna mehanička svojstva i tokom cijelog našeg života podvrgnut je različitim vanjskim silama zbog čega trpi mnoga opterećenja. Tibijalni plato jedno je od kritičnijih područja koštanog sustava jer nosi težinu cijelog našeg tijela. Ozljede koje nastaju u području koljenog zgloba i dovedu do prijeloma platoa tibije, najčešće su u mlađih, radno sposobnih ljudi, stoga je od iznimne važnosti pravovremeno prepoznati i liječiti ozljede kako bismo što optimalnije i što brže ponovno uspostavili funkcionalnost zgloba. Postoje mnoge različite klasifikacije prijeloma kao što je ona ''Radne skupine za osteosinteze'' (AO). Međutim najraširenija u praksi je Schatzkerova klasifikacija. S obzirom da cijeljenje kosti zahtijeva apsolutnu stabilnost ulomaka, to se u najvećem broju slučajeva postiže kirurški. Osteosinteza je kirurški postupak kojim postižemo fiksaciju prijelomnih ulomaka, a može se izvoditi raznim implantatima. To su vijci, pločice, intramedularni čavli i sl. S obzirom da nakon prijeloma može doći do komplikacija kao što su kompartment sindrom i posttraumatski osteoartritis, nužno je pratiti i evaluirati pacijentovo stanje kako u ranom postoperativnom dobu tako i u daljnjem procesu rehabilitacije.The human skeletal system has exceptional mechanical properties and is subjected throughout our lives to various external forces, continuously exposed to high strain rates through various physical activities. Tibial plateau is one of the most critical areas of the skeletal system since it carries the weight of our whole body. Injuries that arise in the knee joint lead to the fracture of the tibial plateau are most commonly found in younger, more physically fit people. It is therefore of the utmost importance to identify and treat injuries in a timely manner, establishing the functionality of the joint as optimally and as quickly as possible. There are many different fracture classifications such as AO classification by ‘’Work group for Osteosynthesis’’ (AO foundation). With the aforementioned AO classification, Schatzker classification is one of the more widely used and accepted in the medical field specifically pertaining to the fractures of the tibia plateau. For successful bone regeneration absolute fragment stability is usually required; in most cases through surgical means. Osteosynthesis is a surgical procedure by which we achieve the fixation of fragments and it can be performed through implementation of various implants. These implants are screws, plates, intramedullary nails and other devices. There are numerous complications that can occur after the fracture, such as compartment syndrome and post-traumatic osteoarthritis, therefore it is necessary to monitor and evaluate patients in the early postoperative stage, as well as further in the rehabilitation process