MIDWIFERY CARE IN LABOUR PAINLESS BIRTH

Na bol koju žene osjećaju tijekom porođaja utječu različiti psihološki i sociokulturološki faktori. Intezitet boli varira od osobe do osobe. Na bolno iskustvo tijekom porođaja uvelike mogu utjecati ženin položaj tijekom rađanja, kretanje, strah i tjeskoba. Ublažavanje boli tijekom porođaja želja je mnogih žena. Postoje različiti farmakološkli (epiduralna analgezija, opioidni lijekovi, inhalacijski anestetici) i nefarmakološki (hipnoza, akupunktura, aromaterapija, injekcije sterilne vode, TENS i dr.) postupci koji se koriste u tu svrhu. Ali, ne postoji jedinstvena metoda smanjenja porođajne boli koja bi odgovarala u svim situacijama. Većina istraživanja je pokazala da su farmakološke metode učinkovitije, ali imaju više popratnih neželjenih učinaka. Smanjenje porođajne boli želja je mnogih rodilja te je uvelike pridonjela zadovoljnijem iskustvu rođenja djeteta. Žene bi trebale imati mogućnost izabrati kakvu vrstu ublažavanja boli žele tijekom porođaja. Ukoliko izaberu postupke koji ne uključuju lijekove trebali bi imati mogućnost da dobiju lijekove ukoliko to naknadno požele. Tijekom trudnoće žene treba informirati o potencijalnim koristima i štetnim učincima pojedinih metoda za ublažavanje boli.The pain that women experience during labour is affected by multiple physiological and psychosocial factors and its intensity can vary greatly. A woman’s position in labour, mobility, fear and anxiety may influence her experience of pain. Most women in labour request pain relief. There are various pharmacological (epidural analgesia, opioid's, inhaled analgesia) and non-pharmacological (hypnosis, acupuncture, aromatherapy, sterile water injections, TENS, etc.) interventions that are used for this purpose. However, no single universal method of managing labour pain exists which fits all circumstances. There is more evidence to support the efficacy of pharmacological methods, but these have more adverse effects. Pain relief during labour is desired by many women in labour and contributes immensely to their satisfaction with the experience of childbirth. Women should feel free to choose whatever pain management they feel would help them most during labour. Women who choose non-drug pain management should feel free, if needed, to move onto a drug intervention. During pregnancy, women should be told about the benefits and potential adverse effects on themselves and their babies of the different methods of pain control