MSCT UROGRAPHY

Nakon otkrića rendgenskih zraka istraživanja su se nastavila u tom smjeru te je gotovo sto godina kasnije konstruiran prvi CT uređaj. To je bilo revolucionarno otkriće koje se i danas usavršava kako bi dijagnosticiranje pacijenata bilo što brže, jednostavnije i točnije. CT se sastoji od više dijelova, a najvažniji su rendgenska cijev i detektori. Tokom godina ti dijelovi su se mijenjali i usavršavali, te smo tako od jednog detektora došli do čak nekoliko stotina njih, poredanih u više redova (MSCT). Rendgenski snop se također mijenjao, od uskog, kolimiranog snopa do lepezastog snopa. Sve te karakteristike obilježile su određene generacije CT uređaja. CT ima važnu ulogu u oslikavanju mnogih sustava pa tako i urinarnog sustava, a MSCT urografija danas predstavlja zlatni standard. Glavna prednost MSCT urografije nad ekskrecijskom urografijom je njezina osjetljivost i specifičnost u detekciji patologije. Standardni protokol MSCT urografije se odvija najčešće u 3 faze. Prvo se radi nativna snimka, a potom slijede nefrografska i pijelografska faza.After discovery of x – rays research has continued in that direction and almost 100 years later first CT scanner was constructed. This was a revolutionary discovery that is still improving in order to diagnose patients faster, easier and more accurate. CT scanner is composed of several parts, and the most important are the x – ray tube and detectors. Over the years those parts were changing and perfecting. At first, there was only one detector and today there is couple hundreds of them, arranged in several rows (MSCT). The x – ray beam also was changing, from a pencil beam to a fan beam. All these characteristics marked certain generations. CT has an important role in imaging many systems including urinary system, and MSCT urography represents the gold standard. The main advantage of MSCT urography over excretory urography is its sensitivity andspecificity. The standard CT urography protocol usually involves three stages. That includes unenhanced CT scan, nephrographic and pyelographic phases