ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES EXHUMED FROM MASS GRAVES: FROM SAMPLE TO IDENTIFICATION

Cilj: Opisati proces identifikacije ljudskih ostataka pronađenih u masovnim grobnicama analizom DNA iz koštanih uzoraka, istaknuti probleme izolacije DNA i nemogućnosti prikupljanja uzoraka DNA pretpostavljene uže rodbine. Metode: Nakon uzimanja uzorka koštanih ostataka, izvršena je DNA ekstrakcija klasičnom organskom ekstrakcijom. Zatim se poslije kontrole dobivene DNA, uporabom lančane reakcije polimerazom (PCR) umnože ciljni fragmenti DNA. Umnoženi se fragmenti vizualiziraju na ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzeru. Rezultati: Analize 15 STR lokusa i gena za amelogenin utvrđeni su genotipovi uzorka kosti žrtve i uzoraka krvi pretpostavljene rodbine. Usporedbom podudarnih lokusa utvrđeno je da je 99,986672% vjerojatnost da je xy sin majke xx. Zaključak: Zbog dostupnosti uzoraka pretpostavljene rodbine i postojanja dosta zaživotnih podataka o pretpostavljenim žrtvama Domovinskog rata, analiza koštanih uzoraka rađena je putem analize autosomnih STR-sustava. Identifikacija je izvršena usporedbom genotipa svakog kosturnog ostatka sa genotipovima u postojećoj bazi podataka. Ključne riječi: DNA analiza, identifikacija, uzorci koštanih ostatakaAim: Descirbe the identification of human remains found in mass graves with DNA analysis of skeletal samples, underlain problems with DNA isolation and impossibility of gathering DNA samples from assumed close relatives. Methods: After taking bone samples, DNA extraction is done by classical organic extraction method. Afterwards DNA control is done and by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) target fragments of DNA are amplified. Multiplied fragments are visualized on ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer. Results: With analysis of 15 STR loci and amelogenin gen, genotypes from victims bone samples and samples from assumed close relatives are established. Comparation of matching loci stated it is 99, 986672% probability that xy is son of mother xx. Conclusion: Due to availabilty samples assumed close relatives and existence of pre-mortem data about assumed victims in 1991-1995 war, bone samples analysis is executed by autosomal STR- systems. Identification is done by comparation of genotype of every skeletal remain with genotypes in existing data base. Key words: DNA analysis, identification, samples of skeletal remains, bone sample