THEMATIC WORLD OF CROATIAN HISTORICAL READINGS

Predaja je, uz legendu i bajku, najraširenija usmena prozna vrsta. Dijeli se na nekoliko podvrsta među kojima se ističe povijesna predaja. Ona se razlikuje se od ostalih podvrsta jer se temelji na stvarnim povijesnim osobama i događajima. To vrijedi i za hrvatske povijesne predaje. One govore o događajima i osobama koji su obilježili hrvatsku povijest počevši od razdoblja prije dolaska Hrvata u današnju domovinu. U tom kontekstu spominju ilirsku kraljicu Teutu i rimskog cara Dioklecijana. Nadalje, pripovijedaju o seobi Hrvata koji su u novu domovinu došli pod vodstvom petorice braće i dviju sestara. Predaje se prisjećaju i kraljeva narodne krvi – Tomislava, Dmitra Zvonimira i Petra Krešimira IV. Govore o njihovoj vladavini i raznim podvizima. Iako je vladao kratko, narod se u predajama prisjeća i posljednjeg kralja narodne krvi – Petra Svačića. Putujući dalje kroz povijest, mnoge predaje govore o višestoljetnoj osmanskoj okupaciji. Narod se posebno prisjeća turskih zuluma (zlodjela) kojima su Osmanlije mučile domaće, kršćansko stanovništvo. Riječ je o pravu prve bračne noći, danku u krvi i haraču. U predajama se također spominju hajdučke i uskočke skupine koje su se hrabro borile protiv Turaka. Važno je spomenuti i čudesne obrane od Turaka koje su zahvaljujući predajama ostale zapamćene do danas, posebice obrana Poljica i Sinja. Iako se temelje na stvarnim događajima i osobama, hrvatske povijesne predaje jesu usmenoknjiževna djela. Važan su dio hrvatske tradicije i nacionalnog identiteta te nam otkrivaju svijet kakav je nekad bio.Tale, along with legend and fairy tale, is the most widespread oral literature prose type. It is divided into several subtypes, among which stands out historical tale. It differs from other subtypes because it is based on actual historical figures and events. This also applies to Croatian historical tales. They refer to events and people who have marked Croatian history starting from the period before the arrival of Croats in today's homeland. In that context, they refer to the Illyrian Queen Teuta and the Roman Emperor Diocletian. Furthermore, they tell about the migration of Croats who came to the new homeland under the leadership of five brothers and two sisters. Tales also recall the kings of the national blood – Tomislav, Dmitar Zvonimir and Peter Krešimir the fourth. They are talking about their governance and various accomplishments. Although he ruled for a short time, the people also remember in their tales the last king of the national blood – Petar Svačić. Going further in history, many tales speak of centuries under Ottoman occupation. The people especially recall the zulums (evildoing) with whom Ottomans tortured native, Christian population. It’s about the right of the first night, the blood feud and the ravager. The tales also mention Hajduk and Uskok groups that fought bravely against the Turks. It is also important to mention the miraculous defenses against the Turks, which, thanks to the tales, are remembered to this day, especially the defense of Poljica and Sinj. Although based on real events, Croatian historical tales are works of oral literature. They are an important part of Croatian tradition and national identity and reveal to us the world as it once was