[Departement_IRSTEA]RE [TR1_IRSTEA]GES / USAGESNational audienceIn France, drinking water services are nowadays profitable services. It has not always been the case. Two models of management have coexisted for more than a century. The first one (profitable management) was dominant until the beginning of the XXth century. Then the second one (non profitable management) took the leadership that it had lost thirty years ago. This article aims at presenting the history of the profitable model, and to make intelligible the successive water services management changes since the mid XIXth century.En France, la gestion marchande du service d'eau est aujourd'hui la norme. La gestion non marchande de ce service n'a pas toujours été résiduelle. La coe...