Experimental and numerical investigations on glued-in hardwood rods using bio adhesives

Previous research has shown that Glued-in Rods (GiR) can transfer high loads between timber components. Standard rods, for example threaded steel bars or fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) bars, are glued into the wood with "chemical" two-component epoxies (EPX) or polyurethanes (PUR) adhesives; this represents an efficient way to connect timber structures. This paper investigates the possibility of Glued-in beech Rods in combination with natural glutin and casein based adhesives to substitute environmentally harmful materials. Experiments on small scale GiR specimens have shown that this joining technique achieves high capacity loads. The numerical modelling of the considered samples, including a method to predict the joint capacities, completes the presentation of the results