Christologie en eskatologie : 'n dogmatiese beoordeling van bepaalde skrifkritiese standpunte

PhD (Dogmatics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2016Hierdie studie ondersoek die aard en omvang van ʼn Skrifkritiese Christologie, met besondere verwysing na die liggaamlike opstanding van Christus. Die samehang en wisselwerking tussen die leerstukke, Christologie en eskatologie word belig deur die konsekwensies wat ʼn Skrifkritiese Christologie het op die leer van die eskatologie. Skrifkritici binne beide die Suid-Afrikaanse en die internasionale konteks ontken of verwater die liggaamlike opstanding van Christus onder andere op grond van die volgende redes: beweerde teenstrydighede in die evangelies; psigologiese verskynsels; die opstanding is metafories van aard; mites en legendes; bedrog-teorieë; naturalisme; Jesus was nooit regtig dood nie; geestelike opstanding eerder as ʼn liggaamlike opstanding, om maar ʼn paar voorbeelde uit te sonder. Onderhawige navorsing geskied by wyse van literatuurstudie en hulp van rekenaargesteunde databasissoektogte, argiefmateriaal van koerante en tydskrifte, sowel as publikasies van Skrifkritiese teoloë. Veral binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks is baie Skrifkritici se standpunte vrylik beskikbaar op die webwerf van die Nuwe Hervormingsnetwerk en die Sentrum vir Eietydse Spiritualiteit. Die onstaan van Skrifkritiek tot vandag word ook in hierdie studie ondersoek. Dit behels onder andere die definiëring van die term “Skrifkritiek”, die gevolge van Skrifkritiek, enkele voorveronderstellings wat algemeen by Skrifkritiese teoloë aanwesig is, sowel as ʼn studie van enkele Skrifkritiese eksponente. ʼn Tweede been van die studie behels die kritiese evaluering en beoordeling van Skrifkritiese Christologiese en eskatologiese standpunte vanuit die paradigma van die Gereformeerde Dogmatiek. Besondere klem word gelê op die eksistensiële samehang en wisselwerking tussen die tradisionele leer van die Christologie en die eskatologie. Bogenoemde evaluering gaan gepaard met ʼn in-diepte ondersoek van die konsekwensies wat ʼn Skrifkritiese Christologie vir die leer van die eskatologie inhou. Die verdere konsekwensies wat ʼn skrifkritiese Christologie vir die leer van die eskatologie inhou, word voorts ook deurgetrek na die geloofslewe van die individu, en die praktyk van die kerk. Navorsing het getoon dat ʼn Skrifkritiese Christologie nie versoenbaar is met die Gereformeerde leerstukke, Christologie en eskatologie nie. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat ʼn Skrifkritiese Christologie, met besondere verwysing na die opstanding, verreikende negatiewe konsekwensies vir die leer van die eskatologie, spesifiek ten opsigte van: die toekomsverwagting van die gelowige, die opstanding en die ewige lewe inhou. This study examines the nature and extent of Biblical Criticism as confined to Christology, with specific reference to the bodily resurrection of Christ. The coherences and interaction of the doctrines, Christology and eschatology are elucidated by the consequences that a Scripture-critical Christology has on the doctrine of eschatology. Scripture-critical theologians world-wide water down or deny the fact of Jesus’ bodily resurrection, normally for one of the following reasons: alleged contradictions in the gospels; psychological phenomena; the resurrection must be understood metaphorically; myths and legends; fraud theories; naturalism; the resurrection must be interpreted spiritually instead of literally. This research includes a comprehensive literature study, aided by computer-based database searches as well as archives of newspapers and journals within the relevant field of study. Publications of Scripturecritical theologians are freely available on the internet, especially within the South African context. The development of Biblical criticism until today is also examined. This includes: the definition of Biblical criticism; the result of Biblical criticism, common presumptions of Biblical criticism as well as a study of the exponents of Biblical criticism. As a second leg of the study, both a Scripture-critical Christology and eschatology are critically evaluated and examined from the paradigm of Reformed Dogmatics. Special emphasis is placed on the significant coherence and interaction of the doctrines, Christology and eschatology. This examination goes hand in hand with an in-depth study of the consequences that a Scripture critic Christology has on the doctrine of eschatology. Further consequences of a Scripture-critical Christology on the doctrine of eschatology is also applied to the individual day to day faith-life of the believer and the body of Christ. Research has proven that a Scripture-critical Christology is not reconcilable with the traditional reformed doctrines, Christology and eschatology. This study determined that a Scripture-critical Christology, with specific reference to the doctrine of the bodily resurrection, has far-reaching implications for the doctrine of eschatology, with specific reference to the future expectation of believers, the bodily resurrection and everlasting life.Doctora