Composition and source apportionment of fine particulate matter during extended calm periods in the city of Rijeka, Crotia

In the city of Rijeka, Croatia, an extended, two-year aerosol pollution monitoring campaignwas recently completed. During that period, 345 samples of ne fraction of aerosols were collected on stretched Te on lters. All samples were analyzed by Ion Beam Analysis techniques (PIXE and PIGE) and concentrations of 22 elements were determined. Concentrations of black carbon were determined by Laser Integrated Plate Method. For the Bay of Kvarner, where city of Rijeka is located, common are long periods of calm weather. As a consequence, during these periods, air pollution is steadily increasing. To pin point and characterize local, mostly industrial, air pollution sources, we used only samples collected during the extended calm periods. Speed of 1.5 m/s was used as a cut-o wind speed. In this way, 188 samples were isolated and statistically evaluated by means of Positive Matrix Factorization. The results show that the major, local pollution sources are the following: secondary sulfates, heavy oil combustion, auto, smoke, road dust, industry iron and port activities. As expected, natural components of aerosol pollution such as soil and sea salt are dramatically reduced. Keywords: Fine particles, PM2.5, Ion beam analysis, LIPM, Positive Matrix Factorization, Air pollution sources © The Author