Phenomenographic Research Method

Phenomenography, an approach to educational research, emerged from the studies carried out by Ference Marton and his colleaques at the University of Göteborg, Sweden, in the early 1970s. Phenomenography is the emprical study of the different ways in which people experience, perceive, apprehend, understand, conceptualise various phenomena in the world around them. Not only this method has been used much in educational researchs in Turkey, but also the books about research methods do not provide detailed information about this method in details. This study explains the aim, characteristics, historical background and how to ensure the generalization, validity and reliability of phenomenographic research outcomes, besides mentions to the studies in which phenomenographic research method was used. In addition, the differences and similarities between this method and methods similar to phenomenology are explained