Gestão de resíduos sólidos na construção e montagem de empreendimentos industriais : uma contribuição da ecologia industrial

This study aims to investigate how Industrial Ecology can contribute to waste management in industrial construction. A methodology for applying Industrial Ecology practices in industrial construction sites is proposed, based on the principles of EcoIndustrial Parks. The waste management strategies adopted in two industrial construction projects in Brazil are analyzed, in order to validate the methodology proposed. The adoption of practices based on the synergies offered by geographic proximity between contractors and other actors involved is investigated, based on a set of waste management indicators and on the application of SWOT analysis technique. Results demonstrate that industrial construction projects can benefit from synergistic practices common in Industrial Ecology place-based approaches, such as the Eco-Industrial Parks. The main benefits arising from the adoption of such practices are reduction of waste disposal in landfills, administrative simplifications, uniformity in waste management practices adopted in the construction site and reduction of space occupied by waste management infrastructure in the site (better layout). Based on the results obtained, suggestions are presented to estimulate Industrial Ecology application in the construction sector.A presente tese tem por objetivo investigar como a Ecologia Industrial pode contribuir para a gestão de resíduos sólidos na fase de construção e montagem de empreendimentos industriais. Uma proposta metodológica para aplicação de práticas da Ecologia Industrial aos canteiros de obras industriais é apresentada, com base na análise do processo de implementação de Parques Industriais Ecológicos clássicos frente às especificidades da construção e montagem. Para validar a proposta apresentada, realizase estudo de caso focado na análise das estratégias de gestão de resíduos adotadas na construção de dois empreendimentos industriais na região sudeste do Brasil. A adoção de práticas que buscam aproveitar as sinergias existentes entre os atores envolvidos na construção desses empreendimentos é realizada, com base em um conjunto de três indicadores e na aplicação de análise SWOT. Os resultados obtidos revelam que a principais contribuições da Ecologia Industrial para a gestão de resíduos da construção e montagem de empreendimentos industriais consistem em redução do encaminhamento de resíduos para aterros, uniformidade nos serviços de gestão de resíduos prestados no canteiro de obras, melhoria no layout do canteiro e simplificações administrativas. A partir da análise realizada, são apresentadas recomendações para promover o crescimento e desenvolvimento de aplicações da Ecologia Industrial à construção e montagem.This study aims to investigate how Industrial Ecology can contribute to waste management in industrial construction. A methodology for applying Industrial Ecology practices in industrial construction sites is proposed, based on the principles of EcoIndustrial Parks. The waste management strategies adopted in two industrial construction projects in Brazil are analyzed, in order to validate the methodology proposed. The adoption of practices based on the synergies offered by geographic proximity between contractors and other actors involved is investigated, based on a set of waste management indicators and on the application of SWOT analysis technique. Results demonstrate that industrial construction projects can benefit from synergistic practices common in Industrial Ecology place-based approaches, such as the Eco-Industrial Parks. The main benefits arising from the adoption of such practices are reduction of waste disposal in landfills, administrative simplifications, uniformity in waste management practices adopted in the construction site and reduction of space occupied by waste management infrastructure in the site (better layout). Based on the results obtained, suggestions are presented to estimulate Industrial Ecology application in the construction sector