THE IMPROVEMENT OF FORWARDING NODE SELECTION METHOD BASED ON SPEED AND DISTANCE FACTOR ON GREEDY PERIMETER STATELESS ROUTING PROTOCOL IN VANETS ENVIRONMENT

VANETs (Vehicular ad hoc networks) are technologies used for communication between vehicles. In VANETs, vehicles move at high speeds and in different directions, causing the communication network that has formed to change rapidly. One example of a routing protocol that is often used in VANET communication is GPSR. Greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR), a new routing protocol for wireless networks that uses the position information of the destination node to make packet forwarding decisions. Because the VANETs topology is very dynamic, the next hop node that has been selected may be out of transmission range before receiving a packet. This study aims to solve problems in the GPSR routing protocol related to communication instability because the position of the node changes in greedy forwarding mode. In this study the authors add a set of parameters used to make routing decisions by entering the speed and direction of vehicle movement factors. Nodes that deserve to be forwarding nodes are nodes that have the least minimal geometric difference in speed and move toward the destination node. Based on the trials that have been carried out, in the GPSR grid scenario with an average speed compared to the original GPSR, the biggest increase in PDR is 50.05%, the biggest decrease in E2D is 1.91 ms. On the real map in the GPSR protocol road environment with an average speed compared to the original GPSR, the largest PDR increase was 17.26%, while the E2D value increased / decreased less than 1 ms and in the node 90 scenario, E2D decreased by 0, 27 ms. On the real map in a residential neighborhood, the biggest increase in PDR was 31.79%. The E2D value experienced the largest decrease of 0.43 ms. While the value of routing overhead, between the original GPSR and GPSR with an average speed does not show a significant difference