New Hyphessobrycon from the upper rio Pardo drainage in eastern Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)

A new species of characid, Hyphessobrycon vinaceus, is described from the upper rio Pardo, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all other Hyphessobrycon species by the combination of the following characters: the body red or reddish pigmented in live specimens, an anterior and conspicuous vertically elongate black humeral spot followed by a second faint humeral spot, 5 teeth in the inner series of premaxilla, maxilla with 2-3 pentacuspidate teeth, 15-17 branched anal-fin rays, 4-5 scale rows above and 3-4 scale rows below lateral line, lateral line with 10-26 perforated scales, 32-34 scales in a longitudinal series, and by a smaller head length in relation to standard length (23.9-26.7%). A new species of characid, Hyphessobrycon vinaceus, is described from the upper rio Pardo, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all other Hyphessobrycon species by the combination of the following characters: the body red or reddish pigmented in live specimens, an anterior and conspicuous vertically elongate black humeral spot followed by a second faint humeral spot, 5 teeth in the inner series of premaxilla, maxilla with 2-3 pentacuspidate teeth, 15-17 branched anal-fin rays, 4-5 scale rows above and 3-4 scale rows below lateral line, lateral line with 10-26 perforated scales, 32-34 scales in a longitudinal series, and by a smaller head length in relation to standard length (23.9-26.7%).Uma nova espécie de caracídeo, Hyphessobrycon vinaceus é descrita para o alto rio Pardo, Minas Gerais, Brasil. A nova espécie distingue-se das demais espécies de Hyphessobrycon pela combinação dos seguintes caracteres: coloração avermelhada do corpo em vida, uma mancha umeral preta e conspícua verticalmente alongada seguida de uma segunda mancha umeral fracamente pigmentada, 5 dentes na série interna do pré-maxilar, 2-3 dentes pentacuspidados no maxilar, 15-17 raios ramificados na nadadeira anal, 4-5 escamas acima e 3-4 escamas abaixo da linha lateral, 10-26 escamas perfuradas na linha lateral, 32-34 escamas em uma série longitudinal e menor comprimento da cabeça em relação ao comprimento padrão (23,9-26,7%)