Multiples supplements to beef cattle in calves, growing and finishing, in pasture of Brachiaria decumbens

Este trabalho foi realizado com base em cinco experimentos. No primeiro experimento avaliou-se o desempenho produtivo, o consumo e a digestibilidade, em bezerros Nelore em fase de amamentação, suplementados com diferentes fontes de energia em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens e o efeito do sexo. A área foi dividida em cinco piquetes de 6,8 ha cada, com disponibilidade média de matéria seca e matéria seca potencialmente digestível de 4,10 e 2,38 t/ha, respectivamente. Foram utilizados 45 bezerros Nelore (4 machos e 5 fêmeas) com peso e idade iniciais médios de 96,0 ±11,0 kg e 101 ±12 dias, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4x2+1 (quatro fontes de energia, dois sexos e mistura mineral). Os suplementos foram: 1 mistura mineral (MM), grupo controle; 2 farelo de soja (FS) + grão de milho triturado (GM) e MM (GM); 3 FS + farelo de trigo + GM e MM (FTGM); 4 FS + farelo de arroz e MM (FA); 5 FS + GM + grão de sorgo triturados e MM (GMS), fornecidos diariamente na quantidade de 60 g/animal para o grupo controle e 500 g/animal para os demais suplementos. Os animais que receberam suplemento múltiplo tendo como fonte de energia milho e sorgo apresentaram (P0,10) pelas diferentes associações protéico- energéticas tão pouco pelo uso destas em relação ao grupo controle. A digestibilidade da FDN foi maior (P0.10) by different association energy- protein, as well as by use this in relation for the control group. The coefficient of digestion of NDF was great with use of wheat meal how energy source. To recommend the use of ground of corn grain or the of wheat meal, how energy source, associated in soybean meal or the mix urea/sulphate of ammonia in formulation of multiples supplements to increase the performance of steers in growing, during the drywet season transition. At the fourth trail, the performance, and nutritional and carcass traits in crossbreds bulls Nellore/ Holstein, supplemented with different supplementation levels in pasture of Brachiaria decumbens were evaluated. The area was divided in five paddocks of 2.0 ha, with an availability of dry matter and potentially digestible dry matter of 4.53 and 3.15 t/ha, respectively. Twenty-three animals with 326.5 ±11.04 kg of initial weight and 14.65 ±0.25 months of age, the three animals reference group was slighted at the beginning for valuation the carcass gain, the others bulls assigned in completely randomized experimental design, with four treatments, and three supplementation levels. Were evaluated the mineral mix (60 g/day) and multiples supplements, formulated to supply different supplementation levels in the amounts of 0.75, 1.5, and 2.25 kg/day and supply 400 g/day of crude protein. The animals response to the use of multiples supplements, gain more weight (P<0.10) (33.14%), to average gain of empty body, yield of carcass hot and cold the response in the supplementation levels were increasing linearly, as well as the levels of seric N-urea were great (P<0.10) (16.0 vs. 9.50 mg/dL) when compared with animals supply with mineral mix. The animals supplemented shows higher (P<0.10) intake DM, OM, PB, EE, NDF, NFC and TDN in relation to animals of control group, whereas decreasing linearly (P