Statistical simulation

This paper considers simulation model in applied science from a statistical perspective, points out potential statistical pitfalls in calibration, and opportunities for the use of statistical regularities to reduce computational requirements and provide a foundation for systematic testing and evaluation. Sections of the paper deal with the impact of numerical approximation on\ud the statistical properties of estimators, the use of simulation methods to assist statistical inference, and the use of nested multinomial approximations for computational tractability and robustness