Further Analgsis of Southeast Asian Culture and Nationalism

多民族共存具有多文化并存的内在含义,文化上的相互容忍与适应促进民族关系的和谐。在此情况下,民族主义主要表现为民族国家对外抗争强权。另一方面,文化上的相互歧视与排斥导致民族矛盾与冲突。在此情况下,民族主义的矛头转而对内,亦即一国之内各族间的相互排斥。每个民族的文化都有其特性,但民族国家内的各族文化也存在着共性。强调共性同时又承认各自的特性,易于培育出一致对外的聚合型民族主义;过分强调特性而忽略共性,则易于导致内哄内斗的离散型民族主义。在东南亚,民族文化的双重性与民族主义的不同表现形式具有内在的紧密关系。The close relation between Southeast Asian culture and nationalism has led to the twofold characteristic of its national culture: containing and rejecting, and as a result, the nationalism in Southeast Asia can be divided into two models, gathering nationalism and separating nationalism, the former of which has something to do with containing culture and the latter with rejecting culture. This article tries to answer why nationalism has different expression in a nation -state, sometimes gathering the nations to resist external enemies, and in the other time making the nations fight against each other.教育部2003年度人文社会科学研究博士点基金《多民族共存与民族分离运动——东南亚民族关系的两个侧面》(项目批准号:03JB850003)的阶段性成