Application of the Ecological Footprint Analysis in Ecological Impact Assessment of Sea Reclamation:Xiamen Western Bay Case Study

生态足迹方法是上世纪90年代初提出并发展迅速的一种度量可持续发展程度的方法.本文基于1984～2005年厦门地区生态足迹和生态承载力的计算,对厦门西海域自上世纪80年代以来的围填海工程造成的生态承载力的累积性变化做了量化分析,尝试应用生态足迹分析法从宏观层面对围填海活动的累积性生态影响进行评价,以期为综合评估海湾围填海工程的生态效应提供一种全新的视角.结果表明,厦门的生态足迹在逐渐变大,生态承载力在逐渐变小,生态赤字由1984年的-0.825 4 hm2/人增长到2005年的-3.957 4 hm2/人;厦门西海域围填海工程导致厦门生态承载力累积性减少77 420.54 hm2,加大了厦门的生态赤字.The ecological footprint(EF) analysis is a quantitative method to assess the sustainable regional development.Based on the theories and methodology of EF,the models were developed to estimate the cumulative changes of ecological capacity caused by the sea reclamation in Western Bay of Xiamen.The results show that the ecological deficits of Xiamen changed from-0.825 4 hm2/cap in 1984 to-3.957 4 hm2/cap in 2005,suggesting that the increase trend of ecological deficits.The sea reclamation projects in Western Bay had led to the ecological capacity's reduction of 77 420.54 hm2,which made the ecological deficit more serious