The Development of Theological and Philosophical Studies in Zagreb from the 13th Century until the Founding of the University of Zagreb. Historical Roots of the Catholic Faculty of Theology

Katolički bogoslovni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (dalje: KBF) afirmirao se u vremenu modernoga visokog školstva u Hrvatskoj kao vodeća teološka odgojna i obrazovna institucija. Tomu u prilog ide opsežnost njegova odgojno‑obrazovnog programa kao i činjenica da je ustanova koja svoje povijesne korijene može pratiti od vremena katedralne škole iz XIII. stoljeća preko nastanka modernog Zagrebačkog sveučilišta 1874. godine pa do danas. Iako razvoj teologije i teoloških disciplina u Hrvatskoj i među Hrvatima nije privilegij samo jedne ustanove, jer velika je zasluga pojedinih crkvenih redova kao i nekadašnjih visokih bogoslovnih škola različitih povijesnih tradicija, KBF se u posljednjih dvije stotine godina afirmirao kao prostor sustavnoga i znanstvenoga pozitivnog pristupa teologiji i znanostima koje su nužno uz nju vezane. Od vremena osnivanja katedralne škole pa do danas može se pratiti kako je kroz povijesne mijene u određenim povijesnim razdobljima crkvene povijesti teološko obrazovanje od XIII. stoljeća do danas na KBF‑u i njegovim integralnim prethodnicama dio kompleksnih procesa na razini opće Crkve. Razvoj teološke misli, sustavnoga teološkog obrazovanja i odgojnih institucija vezanih uz djelovanje današnjeg KBF‑a od srednjeg vijeka do naših dana integrirani su u duhovne, misaone i društveno‑političke promjene kroz koje je prolazila Katolička crkva, a koje su svoj odraz nalazile i u odgojno‑obrazovnoj stvarnosti Crkve. Tako je današnji KBF, koji svoje povijesno polazište može utemeljeno tražiti u XIII. stoljeću, bio duhovna, misaona, intelektualna i kulturna veza hrvatskog naroda i Crkve u Hrvata s europskom crkvenom i društvenom stvarnošću. Stoga je cilj ovoga rada prikazati procese koji su doveli do nastanka katedralne škole u XIII. stoljeću, razvoja filozofsko‑teološkog studija u sustavu isusovačke, kasnije zagrebačke Akademije, naposljetku modernog Zagrebačkog sveučilišta, odnosno pokazati da se teologija i obrazovne institucije vezane uz teologiju u Hrvatskoj razvijaju u stalnom doticaju sa zapadnoeuropskom crkvenom i društvenom stvarnošću od svojeg nastanak do danas.The Catholic Faculty of Theology of the University of Zagreb (CFT) has distinguished itself in the period of modern higher education as the leading theological educational institution. A contributing factors in this are the scope of the Faculty’s educational‑upbringing programme and the fact that it is an institution that can trace its historicalroots to the period of the Cathedral school in the 13th century, through the founding of the modern University of Zagreb in 1974, and until today. Although the development of theology and theological disciplines in Croatia and among Croatians is not a privilege of only one institution, insofar as one has to take into account contributions of individual religious orders and the former higher theological schools of various historical traditions, the CFT has distinguished itself in the last two hundred years as a place of systematic and scientific positive approach to theology and sciences that are necessarily related to it. From the period of the founding of the Cathedral school until today, one could follow through historical periods and shifts how theological education at the CFT and its integral predecessors was part of complex processes on the level of the universal Church. From the medieval ages until today, the development of theological thought, systematic theological education and upbringing institutions linked to activity of the current CFT have been integrated into spiritual, speculative and social‑political changes that the Catholic Church underwent and that were reflected in the educational‑upbringing reality of the Church. Thus, the current CFT that can base its historical starting point in the 13th century, was a spiritual, speculative, intellectual, and cultural link between the Croatian people and the Church among Croatians, on the one hand, and the European ecclesial and social reality, on the other hand. The aim of this article is to offer an overview of processes that led to the emergence of the Cathedral school in the 13th century, the development of philosophical‑theological study within the system of Jesuit and later on Zagreb’s Academy, and finally of the modern University of Zagreb. These processes allowed theology and educational institutions related to theology in Croatia to develop while being in constant touch with Western European ecclesial and social reality since their emergence until today