Evaluation of the prevalence, knowledge and attitudes relating to β-alanine use among athletes

β-alanine is an amino acid involved in the synthesis of carnosine, an intramuscular compound that buffers pH and has been associated with improvements in high intensity exercise performance. Little is currently known about the supplementation habits of β-alanine in professional athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate β-alanine supplementation use amongst professional athletes. Surveys assessing β-alanine practices beliefs and sources of information were completed by 570 professional footballers from Super Rugby (SR), Rugby League (NRL) and Australian Rules Football (AFL) in Australia. Approximately 61% of athletes reported β-alanine use, but use by AFL players was below that of SR and NRL. 90% of respondents had misconceptions on β-alanine's use, or were not using β-alanine in accordance with recommendations. Up to 60% of users experienced paraesthesia symptoms from β-alanine use and 70% of users sourced their information from strength and conditioning coaches, dietitians (∼50%), trainers(∼25%), and/or sport scientists (∼15%). Compared to NRL and AFL players, SR players had both a greater knowledge of β-alanine supplementation and better supplementation practices. This survey data of Australian professional football athletes indicates that, despite over half the athlete population using β-alanine, the majority of athletes had misconceptions relating to its use