International audienceIn the very beginning of the 18th century the first steam engines, efficiently used for pumping mine water, invented and patented by Thomas Newcomen, start to be currently installed and used in Great-Britain. In 1726, two Englishmen present such a machine installed in Passy, in Paris suburb, to the French Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris and ask for a “privilège exclusif”. From the beginning to the end of the process, the Academy works in close cooperation with the King’s administration. Later in the century, several inventions are examined. Throughout these machines and their examination, where a new way of technical thinking appears, this paper intends to present the invention and development of the steam engine as...