The effect of solid manure incorporation into the soil on the emission of gases and odours

The aim of the study was to determine the level of emission reduction of selected harmful gases and odours following immediate manure incorporation into soil, using the prototype manure applicator. The research was carried out at the Experimental Station of the National Research Institute of Animal Production, in September 2016. Two experimental fields size 6 x 100 m were located on corn stubble in the distance of 40 m. In field A, the solid manure was incorporated into the soil using the prototype manure applicator. In field B, manure application was made by manure spreader. The prototype manure applicator was designed and made by Industrial Institute of Agricultural Engineering. The concentration of harmful gases (NH3, CO2, CH4, N2O) and odours was measured during the study. Measurements were made in the following periods: immediately after application and 2, 4, 6, 10 and 14 hours after application. The concentration of studied gases was measured immediately after sampling by the photoacoustic spectrometer (Multi Gas Monitor Innova 1312). The odours concentration was determined within 30 hours after air sampling by dynamic olfactometry using the TO 8 olfactometer. The solid manure incorporation reduced NH3 emissions by an average of 66%. For the other studied gases the differences in concentration were too small or this concentration was similar to concentration of these gases in surrounding air. The incorporation of solid manure limited also odour emissions. The level reduction decreased with time and amounted to an average of 25%