To Establish the Mass-propagation and Virus Diseases Control System of Health and High Quality Seedlings of Cymbidium spp.

蕙蘭屬植物包括了虎頭蘭及小花蕙蘭，因小花蕙蘭其葉形優雅與花朵具有淡雅幽香，深受世人喜愛，為僅次於蝴蝶蘭之第二大輸出花卉作物。現今小花蕙蘭的繁殖體系仍採分株法為多，繁殖倍率因品種而異，在人工分株之下，且未經消毒之刀具分離母株與子芽，放大過程耗費人力物力，也增加病毒傳播的風險；而在生產面上，難以滿足外銷市場，在病害管理上也增加母本病害檢測之成本。因此建立小花蕙蘭組織培養系統，以金字塔型繁殖體系放大，於品質與病害管理兼顧的系統下進行量產，以因應小花蕙蘭栽培業者之需。種苗場的研究結果顯示，蕙蘭園區植株感染蕙蘭嵌紋病毒（Cymbidium mosaic virus，CymMV）及齒舌蘭輪斑病毒（Odontoglossum ringspot virus，ORSV）的例相當高。以蕙蘭之分株生產模式，病毒透過罹病母株的分芽而大量傳播於子芽，尤其若病徵未表現的病株更容易因此而大規模繁殖傳播病毒的發生。農試所植物病理組的研究證實殘存於蕙蘭玉花品系之老化葉鞘組織之ORSV 具有傳染子芽之風險，而且採樣此葉鞘部位，對於病毒之檢測可提供更準確的檢測結果。此外，以玉花小花蕙蘭之未熟胚，經無菌播種發芽後所形成之根莖進行芽體（葉芽）誘導，培育成帶根苗移出瓶外馴化，成功建立小花蕙蘭大量繁殖與馴化系統，在完善的組培繁殖系統下不僅可擴大產業能量，更可因地制宜依成本效益，導入各階病毒病害檢測。 Chinese Cymbidium is the second export flora plants produced in Taiwan. Shoot-dividing seedlings from the mother plants was the traditional method for propagation of the Cymbidium spp. in Taiwan. However, the propagation rate by the shoot-dividing method is low and difficult to approach the goal to meet the numbers of needs for export market, and also increasing the risk of virus transmission by this method when the mother stocks were infected by viruses. Therefore, to establish the tissue-culturing system for the mass-propagation of high quality seedlings of Cymbidium spp. is very important. Which can support the industry needs, provide a control way to manage virus diseases and raise the economical competition of Cymbidium spp. Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) and Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) are widespread in the field. Viruses transmitted through the propagation of diseased mother plants, especially when the diseased plants showed symptomless are more easily spread the viruses. The detection rate of ORSV was higher when sampling the old leaf-sheath for detection. The system of propagation and domestication of Cymbidium were set up successfully in our study. The immature embryos of Cymbidium flowers were seeded and germinated in tissue-cultured medium. The stem-form tissues were developed first and then used for inducing the leaf shoots. The seedlings of the cultured tissues were then domesticated after they were removed from the breeding bottles. In this improved propagation system, it could not only expand the yield of Cymbidium, but also detect viruses at any seedling stages which depending on your consideration of the cost benefit and in convenience