Estimating tourism impacts using CGE models: A historical review and future developments

The economic impacts of tourism have been estimated and evaluated via a range of different methodologies by researchers and policymakers for many decades. This chapter discusses research found in the tourism literature that has been undertaken using Computable General Equilibrium modelling. Initially, generic tourism booms and busts were modelled with this methodology before other areas of interest such as tourism and trade; tourism and taxation and disasters, (both man-made and natural) and their impacts on tourism were modelled. The economic impact of special events such as the FIFA World Cup and the Olympics are another branch of research that has received significant attention by tourism economists implementing CGE models. After an evaluation of the main contributions in this area, this review highlights future directions of tourism and inter-industry modelling (such as the integration of environmental and energy accounts) with conventional tourism economic impacts to explore sustainable tourism economic impacts