Le fichier mis en annexe est une frise chronologique effectuée par les auteurs et illustrant particulièrement la première partie de l'article.International audienceGeography has evolved through the proliferation of epistemological approaches, which led to a split between physical and natural geography in the mid- 20th century. We retrace this history focusing on the way islands shaped the relationships between geography, natural sciences and conservation policies since they held a major place in building these knowledges and policies. We show the persistence of the naturalistic rhetoric in environmental policies despite the emergence of sustainable development’s typical movement toward integration. Then, through a comparative study of our r...