Corrosion in oil and gas industry: a perspective on corrosion inhibitors

[Exctract] Corrosion is a common problem encountered in the oil and gas industry. Oil and gas pipelines, refineries and petrochemical plants have serious corrosion problems. Internal corrosion in oil and gas industry is generally caused by water, carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), and also can be aggravated by microbiological activity. Importantly, the flow regimes of multiphase fluids greatly influence the corrosion rate. For example, at high flow rates, flowinduced corrosion and erosion-corrosion may occur, whereas at low flow rates, pitting corrosion is more common. Corrosion is generally related to the amount and nature of the sediments. High-velocity flow tends to sweep sediments out of the pipeline, whereas low velocity allows sediments to settle at the bottom, providing sites for pitting corrosion