Motor Evoked Potentials in Supratentorial Glioma Surgery

Primary brain tumors, that is gliomas, are frequently located close to or within functional motor areas and motor tracts and therefore represent a major neurosurgical challenge. Preservation of the patients’ motor functions, while achieving a maximum resection of tumor, can be only achieved by monitoring and locating motor areas and motor tracts intraoperatively. The intraoperative use of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) represents the current gold standard to do so. However, intraoperative MEP monitoring and mapping can be quite challenging and require a profound knowledge of the MEP technique, brain anatomy and physiology and anesthesia. In this chapter, a systematic review of PubMed listed literature on MEP monitoring and mapping in glioma surgery is presented. The benefits, limitations, technical pearls and pitfalls are discussed from the perspective of an experienced neurosurgical/neurophysiological team