THE MODERN TREATMENT OF WELL – DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCERS

Prema statističkim podacima, karcinom štitnjače je najčešća zloćudna bolest endokrinog sustava. Najčešće je pojavnosti u ženskoj populaciji. Od ukupnog broja karcinoma štitnjače, najčešće pojavnosti su dobro diferencirani karcinomi, u koje ubrajamo papilarne i folikularne karcinome. Suvremena terapija dobro diferenciranih karcinoma štitnjače sastoji se od primarnog kirurškog liječenja, poslijeoperacijske radiojodne terapije i TSH supresijske hormonske terapije. Vanjsko zračenje, kemoterapija i ostali oblici liječenja primjenjuju se kod bolesnika s uznapredovalim metastazama. U liječenju sudjeluje tim zdravstvenih stručnjaka. Medicinske sestre i tehničari su ravnopravni članovi tima koji aktivno i neposredno sudjeluju u mišljenju i djelovanju tijekom perioperativnog perioda uz psihologe i liječnike specijaliste: endokrinologije, nuklearne medicine, radiologije, otorinolaringologije i kirurgije glave i vrata, onkologije i anesteziologije. U perioperativni rad medicinske sestre ubrajamo prijeoperacijsku pripremu bolesnika, intraoperacijsku i poslijeoperacijsku zdravstvenu njegu. Medicinske sestre su neizostavni članovi tima i sudjeluju u njegovom radu u okviru kompetencija stečenih obrazovanjem. Prvi dio rada iznosi saznanja iz područja bazičnih znanosti medicine i klinička medicinska znanja štitne žlijezde. Perioperativna zdravstvena njega bolesnika prikazana je u nastavku rada. U skladu s postavljenim ciljevima i hipotezama, podaci dobiveni iz BiS sustava KBC Zagreb analizirani su i prikazani kroz grafikone i tablice uz pisanu interpretaciju. Ispitanici su bolesnici s dijagnozom dobro diferenciranog tumora štitnjače, kirurški liječeni na ORL Klinici od 2011. do 2018. godine. Ukupan uzorak obuhvaćao je 766 pacijenata. Od sestrinskih dijagnoza kod bolesnika s dijagnozom dobro diferenciranog tumora štitne žlijezde, najčešće je prisutna visokorizična – visok rizik za infekciju.According to statistical data thyroid cancer is the most common malignant disease of the endocryne system. The most common occurrence is in the female population. Of the total number of thyroid carcinomas, the most common manifestations are well – differentiated carcinomas, which include papillary and follicular carcinoma. Modern therapy for well-differentiated thyroid cancer consists of primary surgical treatment, postoperative radioiodine therapy and TSH suppressive hormone therapy. External radiation, chemotherapy and other forms of treatment are applied in patients with advanced metastases. A team of health professionals is involved in the treatment. Nurses are equal members of the team who actively and directly participate in thinking and acting during the perioperative period with psychologists and medical specialists: endocrinologists, nuclear medicine physicians, radiologists, specialists of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, oncologists and anesthesiologists. Perioperative work of a nurse includes preoperative patient preparation, intraoperative and postoperative health care. Nurses are key members of the team and participate in its work within the framework of the competences acquired by their education. The first part of the thesis provides information from the field of basic sciences and clinical medical knowledge of the thyroid gland. Perioperative care of patients is presented below. In accordance with set objectives and hypotheses, the data obtained from the BiS system of KBC Zagreb is analyzed and presented through graphs and tables along with written interpretation. Subjects are patients with a well-differentiated thyroid tumor diagnosis that were surgically treated from 2011 to 2018 at the ORL Clinic. The total sample encompassed 766 patients. From nursing diagnosis in patients diagnosed with well – differentiated thyroid carcinomas, the most often indicated is high risk – high risk for infection