Power System’s Voltage Stability Improvement Using Static Var Compensator

In alternating current systems, voltage fluctuation is a common phenomenon. Most of the voltage fluctuation problems result from the changes in the system’s reactive power resulting from excessive supply or consumption of reactive power by the elements of the system and the variation in the consumers’ loads. In this paper, the effect of Static Var Compensator (SVC) in stabilizing power system’s voltage through effective reactive power compensation was investigated. Power flow equations involving voltage drop with/without SVC were developed. SVC modeling equations were also developed and used to determine its parameters. Based on the SVC parameters, SIMULINK blocks were used to implement the phase controlled Thyristor–Controlled-Reactor Fixed-Capacitor (TCR-FC) SVC. The Nigerian 28-bus power system used for the study was also modeled using SIMULINK/MATLAB. The 28-bus system was first simulated without SVC and then with two SVCs located at different buses to obtain the bus voltages in both cases. From the bus voltages the total voltage drops for the system with and without SVC were estimated and compared. The compared results clearly showed that, the system’s voltage drop was reduced by 33.78% indicating a significant improvement in the system’s voltage stability when SVCs were applied