Inversion and uncertainty of highly parameterized models in a Bayesian framework by sampling the maximal conditional posterior distribution of parameters

International audienceWe introduce the concept of Maximal Conditional Posterior Distribution (MCPD) to assess the uncertainty of model parameters in a Bayesian frame-work. Although, Markov Chains Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are par-ticularly suited for this task, they become challenging with highly parame-terized nonlinear models. The MCPD represents the conditional probability distribution function of a given parameter knowing that the other param-eters maximize the conditional posterior density function. Unlike MCMC which accepts or rejects solutions sampled in the parameter space, MCPD is calculated through several optimization processes. Model inversion using MCPD algorithm is particularly useful for highly parameterized problems because calculations are independent. Consequently, they can be evaluated simultaneously with a multi-core computer. In the present work, the MCPD approach is applied to invert a 2D stochastic groundwater flow problem wher