Matrix model holography

30 pages, 1 figure; v2: ten-dimensional interpretation of the deformed solution as the near-horizon limit of a distribution of D0 branes; version to appear in JHEPInternational audienceWe set up the formalism of holographic renormalization for the matter-coupled two-dimensional maximal supergravity that captures the low-lying fluctuations around the non-conformal D0-brane near-horizon geometry. As an application we compute holographically one- and two-point functions of the BFSS matrix quantum mechanics and its supersymmetric $SO(3)\times SO(6)$ deformation