The Evaluation of relationship between term neonatal amblical cord blood level of antioxidant and birth weight

Introduction Birth weight of infants has an important effect on their mortality and morbidity rate; so that its incidence could be reduce with early intervention and identifying factors which can affect on birth weight. Birth weight below 2500 g (LBW) is due to prematurity (under 37 week’s gestational age) or with weight lower than gestational age (SGA) that both increase complications and infant mortality. In developing countries, 70% of LBW infants are associated with SGA. SGA is associated with medical problems that create interference in placental and blood circulation, fetal development, maternal health and nutrition. Purpose of this study was investigation the effects of low levels antioxidants in blood of infants on their birth weight. Material and Methods In this study, from umbilical vein of 40 healthy full-term infants with gestational age 38-42 weeks and birth weight above 2500 g (AGA) and also 40 healthy full-term infants with gestational age 38-42 weeks and birth weight below 2500 g (SGA) that born in Alavi Hospital of Ardabil city were taken blood samples in the first 2 hours of birth and at the laboratory were measured serum biomarkers of anti-oxidative vitamins A, E, C , catalase, glutathione, uric acid, total bilirubin, and G6PD, collected data were entered into check lists. As well as factors related to the mothers body surface index (BMI), and predominant diet of mothers in both groups that included of fresh fruits and vegetables and meat and fat during pregnancy were registered in the collecting personal information forms and these information were entered into the check lists. Results In this study, 80 term infants were investigated that among them 40 infants were in AGA group and 40 infants were in SGA group. In AGAs 24 infants (60%) were boy with average age 39.43±1.15 weeks and in SGAs 25 infants (62.5%) were boy with average age 39.33±1.17 weeks. Also in AGA group average of bilirubin level was 1.12 ±0.44 mg/dl, average of serum uric acid was 4.08±1.28 mg/dl, average of vitamin C level was 1.44±0.53 mg/dl, average of vitamin A level was 30.37±6.15 mg/dl and average of vitamin E level was 0.63±0.21 mg/dl and in SGA average of bilirubin level was 0.85 ±0.44 mg/dl, average of serum uric acid was 5.18±1.68 mg/dl, average of vitamin C level 1.20±0.53 mg/dl, average of vitamin A level was 28.70±5.87 mg/dl and average of vitamin E level was 0.53±0.22 mg/dl. As well as was observed that catalase and glutathione levels in AGAwas more than SGA group and this difference was statistically significant and also there was no significant association between maternal BMI and bilirubin level, uric acid, vitamins A,C, E and also catalase and glutathione. Conclusion Obtained results indicated that majority of anti-oxidant markers in SGA infants is lower than AGA infants and this finding is consistent with majority of studies