The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ozone recovery in the twenty-first century is analyzed in simulations of 11 chemistry–climate models using near-identical forcings and experimental setup. In addition to an overall global cooling of the stratosphere in the simulations (0.59 ± 0.07 K decade−1 at 10 hPa), ozone recovery causes a warming of the Southern Hemisphere polar lower stratosphere in summer with enhanced cooling above. The rate of warming correlates with the rate of ozone recovery projected by the models and, on average, changes from 0.8 to 0.48 K decade−1 at 100 hPa as the rate of recovery declines from the first to the second half of the century. In the winter n...
The sensitivity of the middle atmosphere circulation to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse g...
Abstract. We analyze here the polar stratospheric temper-atures in an ensemble of three 150-year int...
Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forcings ...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
[1] Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forci...
The sensitivity of the middle atmosphere circulation to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse g...
The sensitivity of the middle atmosphere circulation to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse g...
Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forcings...
Stratospheric ozone depletion has significantly influenced the tropospheric circulation and climate ...
Stratospheric ozone depletion has significantly influenced the tropospheric circulation and climate ...
Stratospheric ozone depletion has significantly influenced the tropospheric circulation and climate ...
The sensitivity of the middle atmosphere circulation to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse g...
Abstract. We analyze here the polar stratospheric temper-atures in an ensemble of three 150-year int...
Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forcings ...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
[1] Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forci...
The sensitivity of the middle atmosphere circulation to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse g...
The sensitivity of the middle atmosphere circulation to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse g...
Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forcings...
Stratospheric ozone depletion has significantly influenced the tropospheric circulation and climate ...
Stratospheric ozone depletion has significantly influenced the tropospheric circulation and climate ...
Stratospheric ozone depletion has significantly influenced the tropospheric circulation and climate ...
The sensitivity of the middle atmosphere circulation to ozone depletion and increase in greenhouse g...
Abstract. We analyze here the polar stratospheric temper-atures in an ensemble of three 150-year int...
Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forcings ...