Parameterization of topology and geometry for the multidisciplinary optimization of wing structures

The paper presents a comprehensive parameterization concept to set up complex structural models for aircraft wings. The approach is applicable for design tasks with a wide range of variation possibilities. This includes the outer geometry of the wing, the topology of the load carrying structure, and the sizes of structural components like for example the thickness of the wing skin. The concept is based on a parametric approach using parametric analytical functions that represent the geometrical model of the wing and the housing wing box. This model is the base for the finite element model. Furthermore the design variables, the constraints, various interface models, and a model for fuel mass configurations can also be derived by the parameterization concept. Various dimensioning processes for the wing structure are established, which can be combined arbitrarily. For the sizing optimization the wing structure, the weight is the objective function. Stress, buckling, and aeroelastic constraints can be incorporated in the optimization tasks. An application finally shows the capabilities of the concept for a parameter study showing the influence of the stringer orientation on aileron efficiency