ANALISIS FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) BANK UMUM DI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pengaruh faktor ekonomi makro yang terdiri atas Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), inflasi, dan BI Rate terhadap Non Performing Loan (NPL) Bank Umum di Kalimantan Barat. NPL adalah indikator kinerja bank dalam mengelola kredit. PDRB, inflasi, dan BI Rate dipilih karena faktor ekstern bank tersebut berpotensi mengurangi kemampuan debitur untuk melunasi pinjamannya sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya NPL. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausal yang menyelidiki hubungan sebab-akibat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dalam bentuk runtun waktu (time series) dengan 6 tahun penelitian (2004-2010). Data diperoleh dari Kajian Ekonomi Regional (KER) Bank Indonesia, Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kaliamantan Barat. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda yang terdiri dari uji pengaruh simultan, parsial, uji korelasi dan koefisien determinasi. Sebelum dilakukan uji regresi, data melalui pengujian asumsi klasik yang terdiri atas uji normalitas, multikolinearitas, dan heterokedastisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), inflasi, dan BI Rate secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap Non Performing Loan (NPL) Bank Umum di Kalimantan Barat, namun secara parsial hanya BI Rate yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap NPL. Uji koefisien determinasi menunjukkan bahwa PDRB, suku bunga, dan inflasi dapat menjelaskan perubahan yang terjadi pada NPL sebesar 55% sementara sisanya dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Uji korelasi menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang sangat kuat antara variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat. Kata kunci: Non Performing Loan (NPL), Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), inflasi, dan BI Rate. Abstract This research discusses about the influence of macro economics factors that consist of Gross Domestic Regional Product (PDRB), inflation and BI interest rate towards Non Performing Loan (NPL) of Conventional Common Bank in West Borneo. NPL is the indicator of bank financial performance in managing the loan. GDRP, inflation, and BI interest rate are chosen because those external factors are potentials to reduce the borrowers capacity to pay their installment that will lead to NPL. This research is a causal research that investigates cause and effect correlation. Data used in this research is secondary data in the form of time series data which comprises 6 research periods (2004-2010). The data are obtained from Economics Regional Study of Bank Indonesia (KER) and West Borneo Statistic Centre Board (BPS). Data is analyzed by using multiple linier regressions that consist of simultaneous influence test, partial influence test, correlation test and determination coefficient test. Before performing regression test, the data passes classical assumption test which consist of normality, multicolinearity, and heteroscedastisity. The result of this research shows that PDRB, inflation and BI interest rate simultaneously influence Non Performing Loan (NPL) ) of Conventional Common Bank in West Borneo, but partialy only BI Interest Rate which has positive and significant influence towards NPL. Determination coefficient test shows that PDRB, BI interest rate, and inflation can explain 55% changes in NPL while the rest of it are explained by other variables which are not observed in this research. The correlation test shows a very strong correlation between independent and dependent variables. Keywords: Non Performing Loan (NPL), Gross Domestic Regional Product (PDRB), inflation and BI interest rat