Pengembangan Model Peningkatan Daya Saing UMKM di Indonesia: Validasi Kuantitatif Model

Abstrak.Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki potensi dalam meningkatkan pendapatan serta penyerapan tenaga kerja. Kendala baik secara internal maupun eksternal masih banyak dialami UMKM sehingga dinilai belum berdaya saing tinggi untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi serta pendapatan masyarakat. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan daya saing UMKM. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkonfirmasi rancangan model dan indikatornya yang dapat mempengaruhi daya saing UMKM melalui data primer yang kemudian diolah secara kuantitatif. Berdasarkan data dari 19 provinsi terdapat enam variabel utama yang membentuk daya saing UMKM suatu provinsi yaitu ketersediaan dan kondisi lingkungan usaha, kemampuan usaha, kebijakan dan infrastruktur, riset dan teknologi, dukungan finansial dan kemitraan, serta variabel kinerja.Kata kunci: usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM), daya saing, model empiris, validasi dan evaluasi model kualitatif, modifikasi model kualitatifAbstract. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have potentials in increasing incomes and employment. Some obstacles is experienced by many MSMEs, it is often considered as the reason of low competitiveness to boost economic growth and incomes. There are several factors that ar expected to increase the competitiveness of SMEs. This study aimed to confirm the model and indicators quantitatively that may affect the competitiveness of SMEs through primary. From the study, it was found that the need for an adjustment of the design of the models that have been built on previous studies. Based on data from 19 provinces, there are six main variables that shape the competitiveness of SME; resource availability and business environment, business capability, policy and infrastructures, research and technology; financing and partnership, and performances.Keywords: small and medium enterprises (SME), competitiveness, empirical model, validate & evaluate qualitative model, modified qualitative mode