Sintomas de transtorno alimentar, insatisfação com a imagem corporal e consumo alimentar em meninas adolescentes de Florianópolis, SC

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Florianópolis, 2012.Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre consumo alimentar, sintomas de risco para transtornos alimentares e insatisfação com a imagem corporal das adolescentes da rede de ensino fundamental e médio de Florianópolis, SC. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 1052 adolescentes do sexo feminino das redes de ensino pública e privada de Florianópolis. A presença de sintomas de risco para transtornos alimentares foi identificada pelo Teste de Atitudes Alimentares (EAT+) e a avaliação da imagem corporal pelo Questionário de Imagem Corporal (BSQ). O consumo alimentar e a realização das refeições foram avaliados por meio de recordatório de 24h. Aplicou-se teste de Qui-quadrado (pAbstract : Objective: To investigate the association between food intake, symptoms of eating disorders risk and body image dissatisfaction of adolescents from the network of elementary and secondary education of Florianópolis, SC. Methods: cross-sectional study, with female teens 1052 of the networks of public and private education. The presence of symptoms of eating disorders risk was identified by the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT+) and evaluation of body image by Body Image questionnaire (BSQ). Food intake and meal times were evaluated by 24h-food recall.It wasapplied Chi-square test (p < 0.005) to verify the association between outcome (EAT +) and independent variables (age, network education, body image, consumption of energy and macronutrients and food pattern (place meals and meals in between). Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of EAT + was 14.6%. The prevalence of BSQ + was 18.7%. The public school adolescents showed higher prevalence of EAT + (15.7%). The prevalence of EAT + was higher in adolescents from 10-14 years (17.3%). The adolescents with inappropriate estimated energy requirement (EER) showed higher prevalence of EAT+(16.4%). The average energy consumption amounted to 2,047 kcal and thattotal energy consumption was below of the recommended for 57.7% of the girls. As for macronutrients, 67.1% of adolescents got a recommended consumption limits for carbohydrates. For lipids 66.1% reached the recommended limits and for proteins, 83.7% of adolescents.Were reported 314 different foods and the twenty most foods consumed by teenagers were bread, rice, juice, milk, sugar, beans, meat, margarine, chocolate, cheese, candy, soda, chicken, gum, pasta, tomato, cookies, lettuce, chocolate and mayonnaise. The most consumed food group was of breads, cereals, roots and tubers (26.5%). The majority of adolescents held the three main meals: breakfast (83%), lunch (96%) and dinner (90%). Among the adsolescents who were not the breakfast, 14.3% showed EAT +. The prevalence of BSQ + among theadolescents who were not breakfast was 25.5%. The prevalence of omitting morning snack was 89% greater in adolescents in public schools than in private schools, the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001). The adolescents age between 10-14 years showed 50.5% of omitting morning snack and 58.5% of omitting supper. Conclusion: The study did not find a significant association between food consumption, symptoms of eating disorders risk and body image dissatisfaction. However, the adolescents with EAT + and BSQ + showed prevalence of omission of the main meals considerably high