Radical cyclisations of methylenecyclopropyl azetidinones-synthesis of novel tricyclic ?-lactams

Addition of lithium bis(methylenecyclopropyl)cuprates to acetoxy azetidinones gives methylenecyclopropyl azetidinones, which can be converted to various radical cyclisation precursors. Attempted 4-exo cyclisation of 3 led only to reduced product, while cyclisation of 5, using CuCl/bipy, gave a carbacephem, via a 5-exo cyclisation, but in low yield. Cyclisation of 6 and 7, however, gave novel tricyclic ?-lactams, as the result of 7-endo cyclisation, in good yield, and a cyclisation of bromide 23 led to the tricyclic ?-lactam 24, via a radical cascade sequence