Konstruktion, Herstellung und Charakterisierung einer biomimetischen Calciumphosphat-Implantatstruktur für den regenerativen Knochenersatz

In this work, a calcium phosphate implant structure, mimicking the natural structure of long bones (open porous inside, compact outside) was prepared. By means of slip casting and three-dimensionally printed lost wax molds, this structure could be modeled first time by this method using a ceramic material as regenerative bone substitute (beta-tricalciumphosphate; beta-TCP). The compressive strength of the beta-TCP ceramic parts was increased by a factor of four compared to completely porous beta-TCP parts. This should provide suitable beta-TCP implants in the future also for load-bearing implantation sides (e. g. defects of long bones). Furthermore, the medical parameters for osteoconductive (macropore structure), osteointegrative (micropore structure) and osteoinductive (functionalization with a bone morphogenetic protein) properties of a beta-TCP implant material could be satisfied. The developed manufacturing technology also allows the production of patient-specific beta-TCP implant structures, e. g., based on computertomographic data of bone defects. Initial cell biological studies confirmed the basic suitability of the produced beta-TCP structures as implants for the regenerative care of bone defects