Multifunktionelle Polyether basierend auf Glycidol und aliphatischen Epoxiden

This work deals with the synthesis of defined polymers with polyethylene oxide backbone. The basic monomer is glycidol and its protected derivatives. Protected glycidols such as allyl glycidyl ether, tert.butyl glycidyl ether and especially ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether give linear polymers which can me modified chemically in a second step. The first area of research with this kind of polymers was dying of keratine fibres and cotton with pigments. In industry, dye molecules are incorporated into a fibre, while the coloring is established by permanent linking of these. If covered to a surface, the dye may be rinsed too easily; to avoid this problem, a statistical copolymer made of allyl glycidyl ether and ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether is taken and modified to a cationic polymer by appropriate methods; the final polymer works as an adhesive between pigment and fibre. The general adhesion to human hair, wool and cotton is investigated, results show that adhesion decreases in the order cotton - wool - hair. The second area of research deals with synthesis and chemophycial behaviour of block copolymers. The used blockcopolymers are synthesized of ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and phenyl glycidyl ether, with total chain lengths in a range of 10 to 20 repeat units. Short blockcopolymers are easy to dissolve and may be used as surfactants for stabilizing of emulsions. The solubility was increased by modification of free alcohol groups to carboxymethyl groups. Stabilization of carbon black in aqueous medium was shown on semi-industrial scale. Witzh longer blocks and increased concentrations, more and more interactions occur, and self-assembly is expected. This is used in the third area of research, to obtain a defined structure on surfaces. Therefor, block copolymers of ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and aliphatic epoxides are synthesized (with subsequent hydrolysis). The aliphatic side chains constist of 10, 12, 14 and 16 carbon atoms. Thsi gives a sufficient difference in polarity of the blocks, and the longer side chains are able to crystallize. The found structures in this work are cylinders, which are orientated parallel to the substrate surface (silicium wafers). In the last area, it is investigated if an incorporation of aldehyd groups to a linear polyglycidol is possible. The aim is the linkage of polypeptides to polymers. With the used copolymers (block and random) made of allyl glycidol ether and ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether or tert.butyl glycidyl ether it was tried if as many aldehyd groups as possibel may be generated, to end up with high degree of crosslinking even at low conversions. Synthetically, allyl groups of the polymers were treated with ozon to obtain aldehyde groups, as well as etherification of free OH groups of polyglycidol wit 2-bromomethyl-1,3-dioxolane to yield a protected aldehyde group. It was found, that both reations are not very successful